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牧羊女の力強い日常:チャンタン高原で輝くラダックの強き女性たち

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非常にたくましい牧羊女たちの写真シリーズ

チャンパ族ほど高地に住む民族は他にほとんどいません。チベットの牧羊ノマドたちは、過酷な高原を動物たちと共に移動します。写真シリーズは、その厳しいが同時に野生的でロマンチックな日常を描き出しています。

彼らは常に4000メートル以上の高さに住み、長く氷のように寒い冬を耐え抜きます。チャンパ族はチベットから北インドのラダックまで広がるチャンタン高原に住むチベットの牧羊ノマドです。彼らは羊、ヤギ、ヤクの群れと共に、孤独で荒涼としたステップをさまよいながら草を探します。

2015年から、リタヤン・ムケルジはラダックのハンレ村近くの谷に住むこの頑強な人々のグループを撮影しています。この地域は安全上の理由から外国人には立ち入り禁止であり、ムケルジ自身も特別な許可を取得しなければなりませんでした。

彼のシリーズ「チャンタンの女性牧羊者たち」では、彼は女性たちに焦点を当て、その日常を紹介しています。彼女たちは男性と平等であり、それは同時に彼女たちが同じく重い仕事をこなすことも意味します。彼は過酷で終わりのない非現実的に見える風景の中で、テントの設営、燃料集め、羊毛の製造といった彼女たちの日常を撮影しました。

約40〜50のチャンパ族の家族がハンレ渓谷でテントに住み、動物たちと共に移動しています。ヤギ、羊、ヤクは肉、ミルク、毛皮、皮革を提供し、これらの製品を多くの人が他の物と交換しています。また、チャンパ族はチャンタンギヤギやカシミヤヤギの柔らかい下毛から作られるカシミヤウールの販売でお金を稼いでいます。

ムケルジは冬に初めて彼らを訪れました。「私はチャンパ族の家族と強い関係を築きたかった。冬を選んだのは、その時期に彼らが定住しているからです。」デメリットは、ムケルジがマイナス15度の気温で作業しなければならなかったことです。

彼は生活のさらなる側面を示すために、他の季節にも再び訪れ、それぞれ2〜3週間滞在しました。人々は彼をすぐに受け入れました。ムケルジは「私はほとんど彼らと一緒に住んでいました。彼らが食べるものを食べ、生活様式に合わせようと努めました」と言います。

彼の写真は、都市的なライフスタイルとはかけ離れた生活様式を示しています。写真家は「都市住民は物質的なものに依存し、決して満足しない」と述べています。「ノマドたちは『少ないほど豊か』というシンプルな哲学に従っています。彼らの生活は非常に厳しいですが、何も文句を言いません。」

このシリーズは、ムケルジが他の牧羊ノマドコミュニティを扱う「サン・テル」という大規模プロジェクトの一部です。彼は彼らの日常を示すだけでなく、人々が直面している危険にも注意を喚起したいと考えています。「都市化や工業化が彼らの放牧地を飲み込み、政府の新しい法律が彼らの移動の自由を制限し、気候変動が彼らの住む地域の生態系に影響を与えています。」

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チャンタン高原、チベットからラダックまで広がるこの地域に、チャンパ族が住んでいます。写真家リタヤン・ムケルジは、この遊牧民のグループに同行し、「チャンタンの女性牧羊者たち」という写真シリーズで女性たちに焦点を当てています。 写真: リタヤン・ムケルジ

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ムケルジは、北インドのラダックにあるハンレ渓谷で生活するグループと数週間過ごしました。海抜4000メートル以上のこの地域では、夏でさえ特に暖かくはありません。昼夜を問わず、雨が降ったり雪が降ったりすることがあります。 写真: リタヤン・ムケルジ

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チャンパ族の住居は「レボ」と呼ばれるテントです。このテントを作るためにはヤクの毛を糸に紡ぎ、織り、縫い合わせます。この素材は、極寒で氷のような風からノマドたちを守ります。各家族は自分たち専用のレボを持っています。 写真: リタヤン・ムケルジ

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適切な放牧地を求めて、チャンパ族は年に4〜5回移動します。テントを再設営する必要があり、極端な高地ではこれが簡単ではありません。 写真: リタヤン・ムケルジ

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チャンパ族はカシミヤウールの主要な供給者であり、このウールはカシミヤヤギとチャンタンギヤギの柔らかい下毛から採取されます。冬の間にその長さが最大になりますが、春には動物たちが毛を刈られます。 写真: リタヤン・ムケルジ

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一年の大部分を、動物たちは4500メートル以上の高さの放牧地で草を食べています。 写真: リタヤン・ムケルジ

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女性たちの仕事の一つはウールを作ることですが、彼女たちはまた経験豊かな牧羊者であり、男性と同様に厳しい仕事をこなします。 写真: リタヤン・ムケルジ

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ミルクやチーズなどの乳製品は、チャンパ族の家族にとって重要な収入源であり、物々交換の手段でもあります。各牧羊者は、動物たちと強い絆を持ちながら、毎日5〜6時間を動物たちと過ごします。 写真: リタヤン・ムケルジ

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年長の女性たちは通常放牧地には行かず、宿泊施設に留まります。必要に応じて家族を手伝いますが、これは主に夏に行われます。 写真: リタヤン・ムケルジ

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放牧地から戻った群れの管理では、動物の数を数え、雌ヤギを搾乳することが重要です。夏には、これを一日に最大三回行うことがあります。 写真: リタヤン・ムケルジ

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通常、女性たちは朝と夕方に搾乳やその他の作業に忙しく、午後には子どもたちと過ごす時間があります。 写真: リタヤン・ムケルジ

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かつてチャンパ族は兄弟間の多夫多妻制(フラターナル・ポリアンドリー)で生活しており、複数の兄弟が同じ女性と結婚していました。しかし、この慣習は現在ほとんど消失しています。 写真: リタヤン・ムケルジ

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昼食時、チャンパ族は主に果物、乾燥ヤク肉、穀物を食べます。 写真: リタヤン・ムケルジ

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仮設のテントで、この女性は「ポ・チャ」として知られるバター茶を作っています。ポ・チャは茶、ヤクバター、塩を含むもので、チャンパ族の主な食糧の一つです。 写真: リタヤン・ムケルジ

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狭い条件下で、二人の女性が料理だけでなく暖を提供するためのキッチンの設置を試みています。「彼女たちの生活は非常に厳しいですが、何も文句を言いません」とムケルジは言います。 写真: リタヤン・ムケルジ

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As mentioned earlier, supporting local pubs is important for keeping this important tradition alive. Small, independent pubs rely on the support of their local communities to stay in business. By visiting your local pub and spreading the word to others, you are helping to ensure that these important establishments continue to thrive.

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Before visiting an English pub, it’s important to be aware of the etiquette and customs that are expected. Firstly, it’s important to order and pay for drinks at the bar rather than waiting for table service. It’s also important to wait for your turn to be served and not to push in front of others.

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Why Visit a 牧羊女?

There are many reasons why you should visit a 牧羊女. Firstly, it’s a great way to support local businesses. Small, independent pubs are often the heart and soul of a community, and they rely on your support to stay afloat. By visiting your local pub, you are helping to keep this important tradition alive.

Secondly, pubs are a great place to socialize and meet new people. Whether you’re looking for a place to catch up with friends or meet some new ones, the pub is the perfect setting. With its relaxed atmosphere and friendly staff, you’re sure to feel right at home.

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Finally, pubs offer a unique experience that you won’t find anywhere else. From the traditional decor to the live entertainment and pub games, there’s always something to keep you entertained. Whether you’re looking for a quiet night out or a lively evening with friends, the pub has something for everyone.

Finding the Best 牧羊女 in Your Area

Finding the best 牧羊女 in your area can be a daunting task, especially if you’re new to the area. However, there are a few things you can do to make the process easier. Firstly, ask around. Talk to your friends and family and see if they have any recommendations. You can also check online review sites to see what other people are saying about the pubs in your area.

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Another great way to find the best pubs in your area is to go on a pub crawl. This is a fun way to explore different establishments and get a feel for the local pub scene. Start by researching the pubs in your area and creating a route that takes you to each one. Make sure to pace yourself and enjoy each pub to its fullest.

Pub Atmosphere and Decor

One of the things that makes Kolkata so special is their atmosphere and decor. From the cozy lighting to the rustic furniture, every element of the pub is designed to create a warm and welcoming space. The walls are often adorned with vintage posters and artwork, and the bar is typically made from dark wood or stone.

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The lighting is also an important part of the pub atmosphere. Many pubs use low lighting to create a cozy, intimate feel. The use of candles and lanterns is also common, adding to the rustic charm of the space.

Traditional English Pub Food and Drinks

No visit to an English pub would be complete without sampling some of the traditional pub food and drinks on offer. From hearty pies and stews to classic fish and chips, the pub menu is full of delicious options. Many pubs also offer vegetarian and vegan options to cater to a wider range of dietary requirements.

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When it comes to drinks, beer is the most popular choice in 牧羊女. From classic ales to refreshing lagers, there’s a beer for everyone. Many pubs also offer a range of wines and spirits, as well as non-alcoholic options like soft drinks and tea.

Live Entertainment at Local Pubs

Live entertainment is another big part of the pub experience. Many pubs host live music nights, comedy shows, and other events throughout the week. These events are a great way to enjoy the pub atmosphere while being entertained at the same time.

Pub Games and Activities

Pub games and activities are also a big part of the pub experience. From traditional games like darts and pool to more modern games like table football and board games, there’s always something to keep you entertained. Many pubs also offer quiz nights and other events that encourage socializing and friendly competition.

The Importance of Supporting Local Pubs

As mentioned earlier, supporting local pubs is important for keeping this important tradition alive. Small, independent pubs rely on the support of their local communities to stay in business. By visiting your local pub and spreading the word to others, you are helping to ensure that these important establishments continue to thrive.

Pub Etiquette and Tips

Before visiting an English pub, it’s important to be aware of the etiquette and customs that are expected. Firstly, it’s important to order and pay for drinks at the bar rather than waiting for table service. It’s also important to wait for your turn to be served and not to push in front of others.

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When it comes to tipping, it’s not customary to tip at 牧羊女. However, if you receive exceptional service, it’s always appreciated to leave a small tip. Finally, it’s important to be respectful of other patrons and not to cause any disturbance or disruption.

Conclusion: Enjoying the Pub Experience Near You

In conclusion, visiting an English 牧羊女 is a great way to unwind, socialize, and enjoy a unique cultural experience. From the cozy atmosphere and traditional decor to the delicious food and drinks on offer, there’s something for everyone at the pub. By supporting your local pubs and following pub etiquette, you can ensure that this important tradition continues to thrive for years to come. So why not grab some friends and head down to your local pub today?

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